Gusto mo bang matutong maglaro ng basketball? Malamang matagal ka na nanunuod ng basketball sa TV, tulad ng PBA (Philippine Basketball Association) o mga paborito mong NBA teams (tulad ng the Miami Heat, LA Lakers, Chicago Bulls, New York Knicks, San Antonio Spurs, Oklahoma Thunder, etc..) na nag-slam dunk, gumagawa ng no-look pass o nagtri-3 points. Pero ang paglalaro ng basketball ay hindi natutunan sa panunuod lamang, kahit matagal ka ng basketball fan.
Kapag gusto mong matutong mag-basketball, ang una mong dapat matutunan ay ang general rules at objectives ng laro. Ang mga professionals at amateur players ay parehas na dapat mayroong sapat na kaalaman tungkol sa game rules at purpose ng laro. May iilang mga moves ang bawal sa basketball. Halimbawa, kapag gusto mong tumakbo sa basketball court, kelangan mong i-dribble ang bola ng sabay. Hindi mo pwedeng i-carry ang bola habang naglalakad o tumatakbo sa korte. May mga linya din na pinapalibutan sa court at ito ay nagpapakita ng mga boundary ng basketball court. Mukang simple lamang itong kaalaman, ngunit itong basic na pagiintindi ng rules ng laro ay napaka-importante. Winning basketball games comes down to who has the most points when the buzzer sounds at the end of the game.
Kelangan din na handa magukol ng oras para mag-practice ang isang basketball player. Importante ang practice para matutunan pano maglaro. Ang mga professional players ay nagprapractice ng mas matagal kesa sa mga college players o amateur. Ang pag-dribble, pasa/passing, at shooting ay importanteng skills na dapat ipractice. Maganda rin kapag may partner ka rin na kalaro at ka practice. Makakatulong ang practice sa mga basketball drills na makaka improve ng iyong muscle memory, strenght at stamina. Obserbahan mo rin ang mga professional players sa kanilang technique sa basketball. Pwede ka manuod sa telebisyon o live. Habang nanunod ka at naaaliw, natuto ka pa. In order to ensure long term success, make sure that you are doing what you need to do on a daily basis to improve your game.
Rules ng basketball
Madali lang naman ang rules ng basketball, lalo na sa mga pinoy na likas satin ang mahilig sa basketball. Pero sa mga batang player, kelangan at importante na matutunan ang mga rules na maaaring makalimutan. Halimbawa, ang three second rule para sa offensive player sa loob ng paint area sa may basketball ring, dapat alam ito para umalis kaagad bago mag-3 seconds. Mas madaling matuto kung may tinuturan ka rin. Pero kung teacher o coach ka, dapat alamin mo muna mabuti bago mo ito maturuan.
Isang team sport ang basketball. Dalawang koponan na may tig-limang player ang naglalaban ng pataasan ng score sa pamamagitan ng pagpasok ng bola sa isang ring na may net (10 feet ang taas ng ring mula sa sahig). Parihaba (rectangular) ang hugis ng court na may hoop o ring sa magkabilang dulo. Nahahati ang court ng mid-court line, kung saan ang isang side ay para sa pang-offensive goal ng bawat team na maipasok ang bola sa ring. Kapag ang offensive team ay ipinasok ang bola before ng mid court line, merong 10 seconds bago maitawid ang bola sa mid court line (doon sa offensive side nila). Kung hindi, mapupunta sa kalaban ang possession ng bola. At kapag naitawid na ng half court line ang bola, hindi na maaaring ibalik ang bola pabalik ng kabilang side. Kundi, mapupunta din ang bola sa kalaban.
Nagagalaw ang pwesto ng bola sa pamamagitan ng pagpasa (passing) o pag-dribble. Ang team na may hawak ng bola ay ang offense. At ang team naman na walang bola ay ang defense, na sinusubukan na i-steal o deflect ang mga pasa at kumuha ng rebound.
Kapag naipasok ng isang team ang bola sa basket o ring, mag-score ang team ng two points at mapupunta na sa kalaban ang bola. Kapag ang basket (o tinatawag na field goal) ay nagawa sa labas ng three-point arc, ang score nito ay 3 points. One point naman ang score ng bawat free throw.
Free throws are awarded to a team according to some formats involving the number of fouls committed in a half and/or the type of foul committed. Fouling a shooter always results in two or three free throws being awarded the shooter, depending upon where he was when he shot. If he was beyond the three-point line, then he gets three shots. Other types of fouls do not result in free throws being awarded until a certain number have accumulated during a half. Once that number is reached, then the player who was fouled is awarded a '1-and-1' opportunity. If he makes his first free throw, he gets to attempt a second. If he misses the first shot, the ball is live on the rebound.
Ang oras ng bawat game ay nahahati sa dalawa (two halves). Sa college, each half is twenty minutes long. Sa high school and below, the halves are divided into eight (and sometimes, six) minute quarters. Sa mga professionals o pros (tulad ng NBA, PBA), quarters are twelve minutes long. There is a gap of several minutes between halves. Gaps between quarters are relatively short. If the score is tied at the end of regulation, then overtime periods of various lengths are played until a winner emerges.
Each team is assigned a basket or goal to defend. This means that the other basket is their scoring basket. At halftime, the teams switch goals. The game begins with one player from either team at center court. A referee will toss the ball up between the two. The player that gets his hands on the ball will tip it to a teammate. This is called a tip-off. In addition to stealing the ball from an opposing player, there are other ways for a team to get the ball. One such way is if the other team commits a foul or violation.
FOULS
Personal fouls: Personal fouls include any type of illegal physical contact.
· Hitting
· Pushing
· Slapping
· Holding
· Illegal pick/screen -- when an offensive player is moving. When an offensive player sticks out a limb and makes physical contact with a defender in an attempt to block the path of the defender.
Personal foul penalties: If a player is shooting while a being fouled, then he gets two free throws if his shot doesn't go in, but only one free throw if his shot does go in.
· Three free throws are awarded if the player is fouled while shooting for a three-point goal and they miss their shot. If a player is fouled while shooting a three-point shot and makes it anyway, he is awarded one free throw. Thus, he could score four points on the play.
· Inbounds. If fouled while not shooting, the ball is given to the team the foul was committed upon. They get the ball at the nearest side or baseline, out of bounds, and have 5 seconds to pass the ball onto the court.
· One & one. If the team committing the foul has seven or more fouls in the game, then the player who was fouled is awarded one free throw. If he makes his first shot, then he is awarded another free throw.
· Ten or more fouls. If the team committing the foul has ten or more fouls, then the fouled player receives two free throws.
Charging. An offensive foul that is committed when a player pushes or runs over a defensive player. The ball is given to the team that the foul was committed upon.
Blocking. Blocking is illegal personal contact resulting from a defender not establishing position in time to prevent an opponent's drive to the basket.
Flagrant foul. Violent contact with an opponent. This includes hitting, kicking, and punching. This type of foul results in free throws plus the offense retaining possession of the ball after the free throws.
Intentional foul. When a player makes physical contact with another player with no reasonable effort to steal the ball. It is a judgment call for the officials.
Technical foul. Technical foul. A player or a coach can commit this type of foul. It does not involve player contact or the ball but is instead about the 'manners' of the game. Foul language, obscenity, obscene gestures, and even arguing can be considered a technical foul, as can technical details regarding filling in the scorebook improperly or dunking during warm-ups.
VIOLATIONS
Walking/Traveling. Taking more than 'a step and a half' without dribbling the ball is traveling. Moving your pivot foot once you've stopped dribbling is traveling.
Carrying/palming. When a player dribbles the ball with his hand too far to the side of or, sometimes, even under the ball.
Double Dribble. Dribbling the ball with both hands on the ball at the same time or picking up the dribble and then dribbling again is a double dribble.
Held ball. Occasionally, two or more opposing players will gain possession of the ball at the same time. In order to avoid a prolonged and/or violent tussle, the referee stops the action and awards the ball to one team or the other on a rotating basis.
Goaltending. If a defensive player interferes with a shot while it's on the way down toward the basket, while it's on the way up toward the basket after having touched the backboard, or while it's in the cylinder above the rim, it's goaltending and the shot counts. If committed by an offensive player, it's a violation and the ball is awarded to the opposing team for a throw-in.
Backcourt violation. Once the offense has brought the ball across the mid-court line, they cannot go back across the line during possession. If they do, the ball is awarded to the other team to pass inbounds.
Time restrictions. A player passing the ball inbounds has five seconds to pass the ball. If he does not, then the ball is awarded to the other team. Other time restrictions include the rule that a player cannot have the ball for more than five seconds when being closely guarded and, in some states and levels, shot-clock restrictions requiring a team to attempt a shot within a given time frame.
Player Positions
Center. Centers are generally your tallest players. They generally are positioned near the basket.
Offensive -- The center's goal is to get open for a pass and to shoot. They are also responsible for blocking defenders, known as picking or screening, to open other players up for driving to the basket for a goal. Centers are expected to get some offensive rebounds and put-backs.
Defensive -- On defense, the center's main responsibility is to keep opponents from shooting by blocking shots and passes in the key area. They also are expected to get a lot of rebounds because they're taller.
Forward. Your next tallest players will most likely be your forwards. While a forward may be called upon to play under the hoop, they may also be required to operate in the wings and corner areas.
Offensive -- Forwards are responsible to get free for a pass, take outside shots, drive for goals, and rebound.
Defensive -- Responsibilities include preventing drives to the goal and rebounding.
Guard. These are potentially your shortest players and they should be really good at dribbling fast, seeing the court, and passing. It is their job to bring the ball down the court and set up offensive plays.
Offensive -- Dribbling, passing, and setting up offensive plays are a guard's main responsibilities. They also need to be able to drive to the basket and to shoot from the perimeter.
Defensive -- On defense, a guard is responsible for stealing passes, contesting shots, preventing drives to the hoop, and for boxing out.
'Pag na-master mo itong mga fundamentals ng basketbol, mas madali ka mag improve at baka maging sunod ka na na Michael Jordan, Kobe Byrant o Lebron James. Before you attempt to do anything else in life you must first believe. If you don’t believe in what you’re doing and who you are, it’s practically impossible to succeed.
Title: Paano maglaro ng basketball? Mga rules at moves sa basketball, pano manalo (Pinoy NBA at PBA players)
Sino para sa inyo ang mas magaling: Si Jordan, Bryant o Lebron?
